Person a person represents one of the human users of your software system e. Deploymentphysical view illustrates the physical organisation of the application, its about what code runs in what hardware. Software architecture document for the example software. Chapter 4 designing the logical architecture this chapter discusses a process for creating a logical architecture and provides an example of the process using a set of use cases representative of those found in a communications deployment for a mediumsized enterprise.
Layered architecture software architecture patterns book. Logical architecture is a structural design that gives as much detail as possible without constraining the architecture to a particular technology or environment. Finally, the scenarios help to capture the requirements so that all the stakeholders understand how the system is intended to be used. The logical architecture serves as an intermediate level of abstraction between the blackbox system requirements and the physical architecture. This is because when designing physical architecture diagrams the purpose is to enable the real life implementation of a specific technology solution. In addition, selected use cases or scenarios are used to. Selection of appropriate architectural styles and design patterns. Abstract this article presents a model for describing the architecture of softwareintensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views. Creately diagrams can be exported and added to word, ppt powerpoint, excel, visio or any other document.
In recent years a realization has grown of the importance of software architecture. In addition selected use cases or scenarios are utilized to illustrate the architecture. For example, the presentation layer doesnt need to know or worry about how to get customer data. It is concerned with the topology of software components on the physical layer as well as the physical connections between these components.
Business architecture views see developing a business architecture view address the concerns of users, planners, and business managers, and focus on the functional aspects of the system from the perspective of the users of the system. Software components in the logical architecture logical architecture diagram the various components that are needed to meet the reference configuration requirements depend on their functions as distributed infrastructure services or their roles within a tiered application framework. It is derived from the operational or business model from which the software requirements were specified. For example, how many nodes are used and what is deployed on what.
Sample software architecture document linkedin slideshare. The description of an architecturethe decisions madecan be organized around these four views, and then illustrated by a few selected use cases, or scenarios which become a fifth view. The logical view focuses on functionality exposed to end users. In some descriptions of the sdlc software development life cycle they are interchangeable, but the consesus is that they are distinct. Software architecture descriptions are commonly organized into views, which are analogous to the different types of blueprints made in building architecture. Physical architecture gives enough detail to implement the architecture on a technology. Web portal architecture diagram examples and templates. May 30, 2017 logical architecture is a structural design that gives as much detail as possible without constraining the architecture to a particular technology or environment. The logical view describes the designs object model, the process view describes the designs concurrency and synchronization aspects. These terms reflect common usage, but are at variance with ansiieee std 14712000 in which architecture is a property of a thing, not a thing in its own right. The physical view is primarily for system designers and administrators who need to understand the physical locations of the software, physical connections between nodes, deployment and installation, and scalability. It is an allocation view, mapping software to the development environment. Lets take a look at what this approach means for software architecture. Simple sketches for diagramming your software architecture.
A view is a representation of a whole system from the perspective of a related set of concerns. The logical view describes the designs object model, the. Small examples are drawn from the design of a pabx, derived from our work at. Part of the architecture evolves from such use cases. Uml is one of objectoriented solutions used in software modeling and design. Dec 06, 2018 a corresponding physical architecture might look something like this.
For example, clientserver model, supervisory control, direct digital control, pipe and filter architectural style, layered architecture, modelviewcontroller architecture. Software architecture document for the software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software elements, the externally visible properties of those elements, and the relationships among them. Use pdf export for high quality prints and svg export for large sharp images or embed your diagrams anywhere with the creately viewer. This description of separate workflows triggered by events is a logical view, not a physical one.
Physical architecture model development may be used as a task of the activity develop candidate architectures models and views, or a subprocess of the system architecture definition process see system architecture article. Each view addresses a set of system concerns, following the conventions of its viewpoint, where a viewpoint is a specification that describes the notations, modeling, and analysis techniques to use in a view that expresses. For example, how many nodes are used and what is deployed on what node. The example software architecture sketches above illustrate a number of typical approaches to communicating software architecture and they suffer from the following types of problems. A template for documenting software and firmware architectures. In uml, package and component diagrams are used to model the development view. The four views are the logical view, development view, process view, and physical view. According to bass et al 1, the software architecture of a system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible properties of those components, and the relationships among them. It describes the set of scenarios andor use cases that represent some significant, central functionality.
They act as a guide for the team actually putting the system together. It includes, logical view, process view, development view, physical view, architectural goals and constraints, use case diagrams, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, deployment view, implementation view, data view and er diagram. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. For example, access manager is a component that is used by presentation and business service tier components to provide security and. Lack of analysis methods to predict whether architecture will result in an implementation that meets the requirements. An architectural view is a way to portray those aspects or elements of the architecture that are relevant to the concerns the view intends to addressand, by implication, the stakeholders to whom those concerns are important. A description of the usecase view of the software architecture. Use casescenario view the architecture as a whole is explained with the help of a few use cases, which are simply sequences of interactions.
You can scale a layered architecture by splitting the layers into separate physical deployments or replicating the entire application into multiple nodes, but overall the granularity is too broad, making it expensive to scale. The c4 model is an abstractionfirst approach to diagramming software architecture, based upon abstractions that reflect how software architects and developers think about and build software. To describe a software architecture, we use a model composed of multiple views or perspectives. The views are used to describe the system from the viewpoint of different stakeholders, such as endusers, developers, system engineer, and project managers. Uml diagrams such as package diagram could be used to represent this view. This view maps other elements onto processing and communication nodes and is also an allocation view which others call the deployment view.
Get software architecture patterns now with oreilly online learning. At the uppermost layer it identifies the principal software functions that interact with external entities to describe the software response to external stimuli. Its important to note that this description of separate workflows triggered by events is a logical view. The functional architecture provides a working view of the software product with no physical or structural features. The physical view describes the physical deployment of the system.
How to describe the architecture of a software product. The logical view, which is the object model of the design when an objectoriented design method is used. The rationales for design decisions are also recorded. Feb 23, 2015 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. It is concerned with the topology of software components on the physical layer, as well as communication between these components.
A software architecture can be defined in many ways. An implementation view from software developer perspective. Deployment or physical view mapping software to hardware. A corresponding physical architecture might look something like this. Each layer in the architecture forms an abstraction around the work that needs to be done to satisfy a particular business request.
Other system views like process view, physical view, or conceptual framework view of the problem domain are also integrated. An example of common terminology retained in togaf is the use of the terms business architecture, technical architecture, etc. A visualisation of an example software architecture model, showing the hierarchical nature of the elements that make up the static structure. It describes the set of scenarios andor use cases that. The positioning of a component in this matrix helps describe the role that the component plays in the logical architecture.
Its purpose is to elaborate models and views of a physical, concrete solution that accommodates the logical architecture. The template is intended for use in product development for defining the architecture of software and firmware projects. Aug 05, 2017 this is a sample software architecture document. This readymade web portal architecture template can be easily customized and save you many hours in your web application architecture designing. Web portal architecture diagram example a web portal architecture diagram is used to describe the overall structure of your web system. Architecture models software architecture involves the high level structure of. This view shows the organization of software modules, libraries, subsystems, and units of development. Layered architecture software architecture patterns. An example of a logical component is a user interface that may be realized by a web browser or display console, or an entryexit sensor that may be realized by an optical sensor or contact sensor. As such, diagram objects point to actual real life software services, server models, crm systems, network capabilities etc.
The physical view the physical view describes the physical deployment of the system. The physical view for example, how many nodes are used and what is deployed on what node. Logical architecture vs physical architecture simplicable. Architecture system architecture software architecture. An example realworld implementation of this serverless architecture can be implemented in all three of the bigname public clouds. The rest of this document is organized to present the architecture using this framework. In order to eventually address large and challenging architectures, the model we propose is made up of five main views cf. Colourcoding is usually not explained or is often inconsistent. The physical view depicts the system from a system engineers point of view. System engineers can approach it first from the physical view, then the process view. How to use architecture levels effectively orbus software.
Logical architecture an overview sciencedirect topics. Aug 12, 2019 deploymentphysical view illustrates the physical organisation of the application, its about what code runs in what hardware. For years, the field of software architecture has been growing in width and depth. The four views of the model are logical, development, process and physical view. Lack of tools and standardized ways to represent architecture.
Paper published in ieee software 12 6 november 1995, pp. Architecture view model represents the functional and nonfunctional requirements of software application. For example, a diagram that illustrates the relationship between software components. The small set of abstractions and diagram types makes the. Logical architecture diagram sun java system reference. You can edit this template and create your own diagram. It describes the mapping of software onto hardware and.
A view model or viewpoints framework in systems engineering, software engineering, and enterprise engineering is a framework which defines a coherent set of views to be used in the construction of a system architecture, software architecture, or enterprise architecture. Thus, the physical view concerns some nonfunctional requirements such as scalability and availability. Functional architecture an overview sciencedirect topics. In the internal description, a single representation of an architectural view of an. Physical view editable uml deployment diagram template. The decision view of software architecture management. But looking carefully at the set of boxes and arrows shown on these diagrams, it becomes clear that their authors have struggled hard to represent more on one blueprint than it can actually express.
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